ROMAN 2.

Art.
Famous Romans.
Julius Caesar.

I believe it it crucial to learn about Ancient Roman art.  Art can tell stories, feelings, moods, mindsets, ideas, inspiration, and more about a time period.  The type of tools and methods of art are also crucial to our understanding about resources available during that time.  To feel how the Romans felt, we must be able to see in our minds and think in our minds the same things that the Romans did.  Because there weren't things such as cameras back then, to capture the true essence of the time, we must rely on art.  Also, art leads us into our next important topic- important people.  In order to understand what these famous people looked like and accomplished, we need art.  Piggybacking off of the necessity for art, the last two links cover famous Romans, especially Julius Caesar.  Without famous people, Rome would be nowhere.  Without great leaders and in contrast, horrid leaders, Rome wouldn't be the same today.  The people that left footprints in Roman history deserved to be acredited for those actions and to have thier stories told.  The impact they had on Rome was very important.  All three of my links I found to be very useful and think the class would benefit from.

ROMAN 1.

QUIZ NUMERO UNO:
1. Officials who appointed candidates to the Senate were censors.
2. Forums were the center of all Government business.
3. A republic is a government where voters elect officials to run the state.
4. Praetors were officials who oversaw the Roman legal system.
5. Plebeians made up most of the society (farmers, etc.).

QUIZ NUMERO DOS:
1. Rome defeated Macedonia in 197 BC.
2. During the 3rd Punic War, the Romans destroyed the city of Carthage.
3. Rome and Carthage fought 3 Punic Wars between 264 BC and 146 BC.
4. The conflicts among Rome and Carthage were referred to as the Punic Wars.
5. Carthage was a powerful city located along the African coast.

QUIZ NUMERO TRES:
1. Lucius Cornelius Sulla was a Roman dictator, who reigned after he started/won a civil war.
2. Julius Ceasar led his troops across the Rubicon and declared war on the Republic.
3. The Gracchis were brothers who attempted to save the Roman Republic through reforms.
4. Pax Romania was a period of peace that lasted for over 200 years.
5. Marc Anthony helped Octavian gain control of the West, and then was betrayed by him.

QUIZ NUMERO CUATRO:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

QUIZ NUMERO CINCO:
1. The spread of Christianity changed the culture of the Roman Empire.
2. Pontius Pilate (Roman Governor) tried Jesus for being an enemy of the state.
3. The Council of Nicaea proclaimed the existance of the Trinity.
4. In AD 312, the Roman emperor Constantine proclaimed his support of Christianity.
5. In the late Roman Empire, Christianity became a major religion.

QUIZ NUMERO SEIS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

GREEK 5

1. Democracy.
2. Olympics.
3. Anatomy.
4. Military.
5. Architecture.

Politics were a large part of Ancient Greece and the modern democracy here in the USA has a lot of the same foundations.  Our legal system is based off of European influences since that is where our first settlers derived from.  The famous Olympics originated in Athens, Greece.  To this day, countries all over the world still competitively compete in the Olympics, every 2 years (summer, winter, summer winter).  Sports and fitness are still a heavy influence on today's society.  Military tactics from back in Ancient Greece, like Alexander the Great, are still used today in war, battle, and strategy.  The beautiful architecture seen in Greece that was developed hundreds of years ago is still copied and appreciated by today's society.  We often develop new ideas based on Greek architectural foundations.  Anatomy was also a large part of Ancient Greek society, as it is today.  Science was very important back then and the body was a peculiar thing to them; to this day, we still are constantly discovering new things about the human body.

GREEK 4.

This would serve beautifully as the cover for our Greek Unit, because it is one of the most recognizable Greek statues.  It shows the modern man and how real, detailed, and natural they were.  It shows their dress and muscular, fit attributes.  The determined look on his nicely sculpted face symbolizes the Greek power and goals to constantly progress and strive for greatness.  Their appreciation for strength and athleticism heavily influenced one of today's biggest worldwide events- The Olympics.  On top of the strength that this statue conveys, the art skill involved here is perfection.  The miniscule details that the artists in Greek would incorporate were amazing.  Their craftsmanship shines in this sketch.  When one sees this statue, they can immediately make the connection to the Greeks, especially because of the hair and toga.

GREEK 3.

Mythology Rules

Greek God Love

Mythology Encylclopedia

The Men, The Myths, The Legends

GREEK 2.

Spartan life was somewhat simple.  There were about 18,000 Spartans.  It was an Oligarchy, ruled by 5 Ephors and 2 Kings.  They focused on obedience and war.  They often used slaves in war; they focused on the times that they lived in, rather than worry about much of the future.  Young boys were trained to be warriors.  Young girls were trained to be mothers of the warriors.  Their economy was based around agriculture.  Women were not allowed to wear jewelry or make-up; however, they were forced to usually exercise and be healthy becuase they produced the offsprings.  Athenian life was a bit more creative.  There were about 4 million Athenians.  It was a democracy.  Trade and agriculture were the basis of their economy.  A boy could get a good education and pursue anything involving the arts or sciences; there was much to choose from.  They were much more forward looking.  Serving in the army or navy was an option, but not mandatory.  Girls were restricted to household things, not able to participate in war, business, or education.  Elaborate jewelry and clothing was very widely accepted; the women also did exercise if they wanted to, to stay fit.  Personally, I would have wanted to live an Athenian lifestyle.  I especially liked that it was a democracy, or ruled by the people.  Not only did it allow for some individuality and creativeness, but it seemed much more laid back.  I like that war wasn't the focus of their living.  Arts and science seem very important to me, so I'm glad that is what the Athenians often focused on/encouraged.  Athenians seemed to be innovators and focused on things of the future, which I also like.
 
Contrasting
Spartans vs. Athenians

GREEK 1

Fun Facts For Greeks!
1. Minoan was the first Greek Civilization (1900).
2. They painted on wet plaster in palaces, they were called frescoes.
3. The Mycenaeans conquered the Minoans.
4. Linear B was the Minoan system of writing.
5. Agoras were public meeting spaces/markets, and every city-state had one.
6. Athens was known for its laws/government.
7. Ephors made sure kings stayed within the laws.
8. Military training was key in a young boy's development.
9. In 621 BC Draco created the first set of written laws.
10. Thucydides was considered the first historian.
11. Cleisthenes created the Council of Five Hundred.
12. Leveling meant carving small flat plots out of hillsides.
13. Athenian women were citizens but could not vote or inherit land/property :(
14. The main purpose of marriage was to have children.
15. Sappho was a Greek poet who wrote about the lives of women at the time.
16. Sophos means "wise" in Greek.
17. Themistocles defeated the Persian fleet.
18. Pericles was a great Greek statesman.
19. The Persian Wars weakened Greece.
20. Xerxes defeated the Spartans(Battle of Thermopylae).
21. The Peoloponnesian War was between the Spartans and the Athenians.
22. Darius (Persian leader) wanted to punish Athens for aiding rebels.
23. The Delian-League was an alliance of Greek city-states.
24. Thucydides was the Historian who commented on the tyranny of Athens.
25. Delos was the home of the Greek alliance's treasurey before it was moved to Athens.